It is generally agreed now that these objects have been created in the GEO region, possibly from thermal covering material of disposed satellites.ĭistribution of catalogued objects in space - global view Geostationary orbit The origin and nature of these objects is not yet fully understood. Observations with ESA's 1 m-diameter telescope at Teide Observatory, Tenerife, Spain, have found a population of objects with extremely high area-to-mass ratios. This leads to mass loss of surface coatings and to the detachment of paint flakes with sizes from micrometre to mm. In 16 such ejection events, numerous droplets of reactor coolant liquid (a low-melting sodium potassium alloy) were released into space.Īnother historic source was the release of thin copper wires as part of a radio communication experiment during the Midas missions in the 1960s.įinally, under the influence of extreme ultraviolet radiation, impinging atomic oxygen and impacting micro particles erode the surfaces of space objects. The most important non-fragmentation debris source have been more than 2460 solid rocket-motor firings, which have released aluminium oxide (Al2O3) in the form of micrometre-sized dust and mm- to cm-sized slag particles.Ī second important source was the ejection of reactor cores from Buk reactors after the end of operation of Russian radar ocean reconnaissance satellites in the 1980s. Other sources of debris fragments Sending commands to Swarm-B to conduct a debris avoidance manoeuvre
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